What is the purpose of a power steering pump and why is it necessary?

The power steering pump makes the steering system's work easier and more efficient. Most newer cars, utility vehicles, and trucks now include a power steering pump, which is generally power-assisted or variable-assist power steering. Power steering, whether in a manual or automatic gearbox automobile, makes parking and other low-speed manoeuvres much easier. It is necessary for large vehicles and drivers who find manually steering the wheels difficult.

A belt drives the power steering pump. A serpentine or drive belt and a pulley assembly are used to drive it from the vehicle engine. The power steering pump has a one-of-a-kind function in the power steering system. Hydraulics are pushed or pressurised into the steering gearbox or rack and pinion steering using electric actuators or steering fluid.

If you check MOT history, you'll see that one of the most prevalent reasons for a MOT test failure for a vehicle is faulty steering.

The power steering pump injects steering fluid into the steering system, which allows the driver to move the vehicle wheels more easily and with less effort. When you spin the wheel, tiny apertures in the steering rack open, enabling pressurised steering fluid to aid the rack in rotating the wheels of the car. For the power steering pump to work properly, it requires hydraulics that are specifically designed for it. The steering fluid should be replaced on a regular basis or as needed. 

When your car is next in for routine car services in Reading, request the mechanic to also check and top-up if required the power steering fluid.

Symptoms of a Malfunctioning Power Steering Pump

The power steering pump, like all other vehicle components, has a finite lifespan. Keep an eye out for any unusual indicators that might indicate a power steering pump problem. Go online and search for garages in Reading and book with a technician for a complete diagnosis and repair. There are a few indicators of a malfunctioning power steering pump pulley and pump, so examine the steering pump and have it repaired as soon as possible if you observe any of the following signs:

1.      Power steering fluid that is leaking or low - Because power steering fluid is the soul of the steering pump, driving with low or leaking steering fluid can cause issues with the pump. The pump might also wear out over time as a result of ageing. Depending on the make and model of your car, the power steering reservoir tank is located in the engine compartment, generally on top of the steering pump or on the passenger right-hand side. Check the level of steering fluid and make sure it's on the proper scale. As mentioned earlier, if you complete a MOT history check online, you will realise that this is a common reason for a MOT test failure.On the reservoir, there should be a low and full mark. If you notice a fluid leak near the pump or the reservoir, make careful you track it down and fix it before it does any damage. The colour of the power steering fluid is generally reddish in colour. If you notice a drop of leaking fluid of this colour, it's possible that your steering pump is malfunctioning.

2.      Change of colour - If the colour of your steering fluid has changed to grey, it has oxidised and will no longer function properly. Air in the steering system causes oxidation, and the air might enter the system through a bad steering pump. Metal shavings might be seen in the steering fluid due to a faulty steering pump bearing.

3.      Squealing noises - The most common source of this noise is a loose or worn-out serpentine belt. It might also indicate that the steering pump is in need of replacement. Make that the drive belt is in good shape and isn't worn out before blaming the steering pump. If you only hear the squealing on steep curves and not when you start the car, it might be a malfunctioning power steering pump.

4.      Whining sounds - The most frequent faulty power steering pump bearing noise is groaning or whining noise, which signals a damaged power steering pump bearing. The groaning sounds is generally worse than the whining noise because it occurs when the power steering fluid level is low, which might harm other sections of the steering system.As you crank your engine and turn the steering wheel, the whining or groaning sounds generally gets louder. If you hear strange noises when you drive, go to a lonely road and experiment with different driving styles.

5.      Turning the steering wheel becomes more difficult - The steering wheel should be simple to use and turn the front wheels as quickly as possible. There might be a problem with your steering pump if you turn the steering wheel and the car tyres are difficult to spin. How can I tell if my power steering pump is malfunctioning? Start your car and spin the steering wheel in different directions. If your steering is sluggish, you may have a faulty power steering pump. This suggests an issue with the front wheel suspension components, which should be addressed right away.

6.      Hard Steering - A car with a decent power steering pump should turn easily and with little effort. If turning the wheels in your car takes more effort than usual, you most likely have a bad steering pump. Get your local car mechanic to take a look at it.

Check MOT history and the MOT status of your vehicle and if you experience any of the above symptoms then get your local mechanic to repair them at your earliest convenience to avoid any further damage to your car.